Process of filtering



I. P. PROBSI. P'nocfss oF FILTERING. APPLICATION FILED JUNE I2, I9I9.

-Patented May 17,1921.

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'1. P. PROBST.

PROCESS 0F,FIL TER|NG. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 12,1919.

Patented May 17, v1921.

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Miter/1an:

' further illustrated in variousv 1improved JOHN?. rnoiss'i", or minion, omo.

PROCESS OF FILTER/ING.

Specification of Letters Patent. i Ptgted if?, QQL

Application' filed June 12, 1919. Serial No. 303,665.

To all 'whom t may concern.'

Be it known that l, JOHN P. Pnos'r, a citizen of the United States, residingV at Marion, in the county of Marion and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of Filtering,of which the following is a specication, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to an improvedv process of ltering and has for its particular object to provide ltering apparatus of. any suitable character arranged in such a manner whereby the capacity of the apparatus may be determined by increasing` or-decreasing, respectively, the number of filter units; whereby primary and secondary ltering operation may be effected; whereby the ltering process may be simultaneously' in progress in twol or more lter units connected to common service supply and service dis-v tributing pipes; and whereby the vfiltering operations may 1 be continuous through a series of single or multiple filtering units.

The purpose of my improved filtering process may be realized in'any suitable filtering device. As here shown a preferred form of apparatus may be 4provided in filters of the general character shown -in Patent No. 1,247 ,875, issued to me Nov. 27, 1917, and

forms -in my copending applications for Letters Patent, Ser. No. 276,986, filed Feb. 14, 1919, and Ser. No. 283,028, filed March l17, 1919 and Ser.ll\lo.V 303,666, filed June 12,

1919. i v Y. Y i Commercial experience has taught that it is of greatpractica'ble advantage to manuv facture the vfilters in a standard' size to simplify and cheapen the manufacture there? of and toprovide .for using them in multiple form where an apparatus of increased capacity. is required. readily adaptable to all requirements merely by installing the Vnumber of lter units required fora given service capacity.

Experience has further taught that under certain conditions it is desirable to carry the filtering process through successive steps of filtration either in a Vsingle filter unit or in a plurality of units arranged in series. Thus in my improved processprovision may be made, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings, toY conduct the liquid through. primary and' secondaryzltering operations which may be effected in a single filter unit Thus the apparatus isv by using suitable materialthrough which l theliquid is conducted-in the initial step.V

of filtration, whereby.l the `.coarser and greater portion of foreign substances is separated from the liquid andthenl causing the liquidto lter throughvaddition'al ma' terial, which may be of different or finer quality, to remove any foreign substances remaining in thev liquid Vafter theinitial operation.v t'has also been found by experience that it aids materially in the filtering lprocess to usel an apparatus in which the flow of the liquid as it is received in the filter is disrupted and introducedfto vthe filtering material in the form of spray or small streams admitted through perforations suitably arranged in the filter casing. y

By -thus disrupting the stream as it is delivered Ato the filter from the service supply pipe, even distribution of the liquid` through the filtering material is obtained;V

the formation ofpockets, in which stagnant pools of the liquid 'may be formed, or open,-

channelsv in the filtering material, through whichrthe liquid would .flow without being filtered, being thus avoided.` Y

While the'apparatus here yshown is a pren ferred form in which my improved filtering process may be practised, the process is' not limited to anyv specificform of apparatus but may be practised with filters of any suitable construction whereby the essential features lof the process may be realized. v

In the accompanying drawings t,

Figure 1 isa vertical cross sectional view `v of one form of single unit filter in which my improved process may be practised;

Fig. 2`is ya side elevation of a two-unit lter arranged in series for successive filtra-v tion; .Y

Fig. Sis a side elevation of a two-uniti,

filter arranged in series Vfor simultaneous filtration; and

Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a two-unit filter arranged in double seriesfor successive filtration. I'

As hereshown of any suitable casing 1, having suitable water-tight heads 2 secured to the openends ithereof, and provided with inlet'and outlet the filter unit may 'consist ports 3 and 4, respectively, whereby the I liquid may be lter. v Y 3 In the preferred form here shown the filter easing is provided externally, in any suitable delivered to and`from the-y p 110..

Sponges consisting of the filtering undermy improved 16 vbeing adapted to receive liquid from the througha connecting pipe 18' to the unitY V25--25, the service Y end of the casing act to prevent any of the liquid being delivered directly to the outlet port of the lterfthe arrangement being for the purposes stated.

Also, as here shown'in preferred form,

the filter unit may consist of primary and secondary filtering chambers. The primary chamber 10, occupying the lower portion of the filter casing is preferably filled withVV compressed sponges, each layer of lthe a single sponge compressed to fit within the casing and to form a layer of uniform density Lof the sponge material.

The secondary filtering chamber occupies the upper portion of the filter casing and consists, as here shown, of a4 supplemental casing 11 defining' the filter chamber 12. The casing 11 may beV supported within the main casing 1 in any suitable manner and is provided with an apertured top and bottom 13 and 14 which serve to confine within the casing 11 suitable material 15, consist- Ving as here shown of compressed gauze,

which serves toeffect the second step of process as practised in va single unit filter. p Y

As shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings successive filtration may. be further practised two or'more filters in series. Under this arrangement, as well asin the arrangement shown in Figs. 3 and 4, filter units with or without the primary and secondary filtering chambers above described may be used. In the arrangement shown in Fig. 2 the apparatus is of single unit capacity, the unit service pipe 17 and to deliver the saine 19, thus effecting double or successive filtration of theV liquid.

As shown in Fig. 3 my process may be applied in a double-unit filter for simultaneous filtration, the two units 2O vand 21 being connected by pipes 22 and 23, and as shown in Fig. 4, thel process may be practised in a double-unit, double series apparatus for simultaneous and successive filtration and consisting` ofthe double units 24k-24 and supply pipe 26, connecting pipe 27 and discharge pipe 28, the. ar-

process by arranging rangement shown being for thev purpose of illustration only, as it will be understood that the apparatus may consist of any .number of lterunits arranged in any suitable series for the purposes stated.

Where my improved process is practised with two cr more filters arranged in series for simultaneous filtration, the vliquid supply pipe of each filter is preferably pron vided with a valve 30 whereby each filter may be shut off without affecting theoperation of the other, the arrangement being of advantage when the filters are cleaned after extended periods of use.

As far Vas I am aware I am the first to evolve a filtering apparatus and process practised therewith embodying the underlying principles and purposes of the present invention. I wish to claim the invention broadly therefore without reference to details of constructionand arrangement as defined and comprehended in the appended claims. c

Having thus fully described my invention, what Iclaim Vas new and desire to secure by VLetters Patent,'is:-

1. In the filtration of liquid,fthe herein described process consisting in causing the liquid delivered from a service pipe to be disrupted as it enters the filtering chamber by flowing through a perforated surface in the side wall of the casing in causing the liquid under pressure to filter through a plurality of integral layers of compressed Sponges superimposed iny the lower filter chamber to prevent currentsV of the liquidl being formed therein and toeffect primary filtration thereof, in causing the liquid to then filter through the material in an upper chamberarranged to prevent currents of the liquid therethrough and adapted to effect secondary filtration thereof and to cause said liquid to be a 'second time dis-` rupted as it tration chamber by flowing over a perioo" Y passes from said secondary filforated surface in the side wall ofthe casing.

scribed process consisting in delivering the Y liquid through a common service connectionI to two or more filter units in disrupted form Y inthe ninnann of iiqnid une herein aeas it enters the filter by causing it to flow through perforated surfaces inthe side walls of said units, under pressure to filter a plurality of integral layers of compressed sponges lsuperimposed in the filter chambers, in preventing currents of liquid as it passes through said filters in effecting simultaneous pri-l Vmary secondary filtration thereof, in caussaid filtraing the liquid to 'pass through' tions through a common connection or two' or more vfilter units arrangedrin first named units to'effect in like manner' simultaneous primary andsecondary filtrain causingv the liquid series with' tion thereof, and in causing the liquid tol he delivered from the secondary units into common delivery connections.

3. ln the filtration o'liquidl the herein described process consisting in delivering the liquid from a surface pipe in disrupted form as it enters two or more lter units,

by causing it to flow through perforated' passes through said taneous primary and secondary filtration thereof, in causing the liquid to pass from said filters to tvvo or more like filter units arranged in series with the first named units lto effect in like manner simultaneous primary and secondary iltrationthereof,and in causing the liquid to be delivered Jfrom the secondary units into delivery connec` tions.

1n testimony'vvhereof, I aiX my signature.

JOHN P'. PROBST.

filters in effecting simul- 

